Table Of Contents
1.1.1
Amino Acids1.2.3
Repair of DNA (BIO)1.2.4
Genetic Code (BIO)1.2.5
Transcription (BIO)1.2.6
Translation (BIO)1.3.5
Evolution (BIO)1.5.3
Cytoskeleton (BIO)1.6.1
Cell Theory (BIO)1.7.1
Mitosis (BIO)1.7.2
Biosignaling (BC)1.7.4
Embryogenesis (BIO)1.8.2
Nerve Cell (BIO)1.8.4
Biosignaling (BC)1.8.5
Lipids (BC, OC)1.9.4
Immune System (BIO)1.9.8
Muscle System (BIO)1.9.10
Skeletal System (BIO)1.9.11
Skin System (BIO)2.1
Content Category 4A: Translational motion, forces, work, energy, and equilibrium in living systems2.1.1
MATH2.1.3
Force (PHY)2.1.4
Equilibrium (PHY)2.1.5
Work (PHY)2.2.1
Fluids (PHY)2.2.3
Gas Phase (GC, PHY)2.3.1
Electrostatics (PHY)2.3.3
Magnetism (PHY)2.4.1
Sound (PHY)2.5.5
Stoichiometry (GC)2.6.3
Solubility (GC)2.6.4
Titration (GC)2.7.1
Titration (GC)2.9.5
Lipids (BC, OC)2.9.6
Carbohydrates (OC)2.9.8
Alcohols (OC)2.9.11
Phenols (OC, BC)2.10.1
Enzymes (BC, BIO)3.1.2
Vision (PSY, BIO)3.1.3
Hearing (PSY, BIO)3.1.5
Perception (PSY)3.2.1
Attention (PSY)3.2.2
Cognition (PSY)3.2.3
Consciousness (PSY)3.2.4
Memory (PSY)3.2.5
Language (PSY)3.3.1
Emotion (PSY)3.3.2
Stress (PSY)3.4.2
Personality (PSY)3.4.4
Motivation (PSY)3.4.5
Attitudes (PSY)3.10.3
Culture (PSY, SOC)3.12.1
Spatial Inequality (SOC)3.12.2
Social Class (SOC)3.12.3
Health Disparities (SOC) Biological & Biochemical Foundations of Living Systems 
Content Category 1A: Structure and function of proteins and their constituent amino acids
Separation Techniques
Control of Enzyme Activity (BIO, BC)
Content Category 1B: Transmission of genetic information from the gene to the protein
Genetic Code (BIO)
- Transcriptional regulation
- DNA binding proteins, transcription factors
- Gene amplification and duplication
- Post-transcriptional control, basic concept of splicing (introns, exons)
- Cancer as a failure of normal cellular controls, oncogenes, tumor suppress or genes
- Regulation of chromatin structure
- DNA methylation
- Role of non-coding RNAs
- Gene cloning
- Restriction enzymes
- DNA libraries
- Generation of cDNA
- Hybridization
- Expressing cloned genes
- Polymerase chain reaction
- Gel electrophoresis and Southern blotting
- DNA sequencing
- Analyzing gene expression
- Determining gene function
- Stem cells
- Practical applications of DNA technology: medical applications, human genetherapy, pharmaceuticals, forensic evidence, environmental cleanup, agriculture
- Safety and ethics of DNA technology
Content Category 1C: Transmission of heritable information from generation to generation and the processes that increase genetic diversity
Evidence that DNA is Genetic Material (BIO)
Meiosis and Other Factors Affecting Genetic Variability (BIO)
Analytic Methods (BIO)
Content Category 1D: Principles of bioenergetics and fuel molecule metabolism
Content Category 2A: Assemblies of molecules, cells, and groups of cells within single cellular and multicellular organisms
Content Category 2B: The structure, growth, physiology, and genetics of prokaryotes and viruses
Content Category 2C: Processes of cell division, differentiation, and specialization
Content Category 3A: Structure and functions of the nervous and endocrine systems and ways in which these systems coordinate the organ systems
Nerve Cell (BIO)
- Cell body: site of nucleus, organelles
- Dendrites: branched extensions of cell body
- Axon: structure and function
- Myelin sheath, Schwann cells, insulation of axon
- Nodes of Ranvier: propagation of nerve impulse along axon
- Synapse: site of impulse propagation between cells
- Synaptic activity: transmitter molecules
- Resting potential: electrochemical gradient
- Action potential
Content Category 3B: Structure and integrative functions of the main organ systems
- Functions: circulation of oxygen, nutrients, hormones, ions and fluids, removal of metabolic waste
- Role in thermoregulation
- Four-chambered heart: structure and function
- Endothelial cells
- Systolic and diastolic pressure
- Pulmonary and systemic circulation
- Arterial and venous systems (arteries, arterioles, venules, veins)
Specialized Cell-Muscle Cell (BIO)
- Structural characteristics of striated, smooth, and cardiac muscle
- Abundant mitochondria in red muscle cells: ATP source
- Organization of contractile elements: actin and myosin filaments, cross bridges, sliding filament model
- Sarcomeres: “I” and “A” bands, “M” and “Z” lines, “H” zone
- Presence of troponin and tropomyosin
- Calcium regulation of contraction
Chemical & Physical Foundations of Biological Systems
Content Category 4A: Translational motion, forces, work, energy, and equilibrium in living systems
MATH
Translational Motion (PHY)
Content Category 4B: Importance of fluids for the circulation of blood, gas movement, and gas exchange
Circulatory System (BIO)
Content Category 4C: Electrochemistry and electrical circuits and their elements
- Current I = 6Q/6t, sign conventions, units
- Electromotive force, voltage
- Resistance
Specialized Cell-Nerve Cell (BIO)
Content Category 4D: How light and sound interact with matter
Content Category 4E: Atoms, nuclear decay, electronic structure, and atomic chemical behavior
- Orbital structure of hydrogen atom, principal quantum number n, number of electrons per orbital (GC)
- Ground state, excited states
- Absorption and emission line spectra
- Use of Pauli Exclusion Principle
- Paramagnetism and diamagnetism
- Conventional notation for electronic structure (GC)
- Bohr atom
- Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
- Effective nuclear charge (GC)
- Photoelectric effect
The Periodic Table-Variations of Chemical Properties with Group and Row (GC)
Content Category 5A: Unique nature of water and its solutions
Ions in Solutions (GC, BC)
- Anion, cation: common names, formulas and charges for familiar ions (e.g., NH4+ammonium,PO43–phosphate, SO42–sulfate)
- Hydration, the hydronium ion
Content Category 5B: Nature of molecules and intermolecular interactions
- Structural isomers
- Stereoisomers (e.g., diastereomers, enantiomers, cis/trans isomers)
- Conformational isomers
Liquid Phase-Intermolecular Forces (GC)
Content Category 5C: Separation and purification methods
Content Category 5D: Structure, function, and reactivity of biologically-relevant molecules
Polycyclic and Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds (OC, BC)
Content Category 5E: Principles of chemical thermodynamics and kinetics
Psychological, Social, and Biological Foundations of Behavior
Content Category 6A: Sensing the environment
Content Category 6B: Making sense of the environment
Content Category 6C: Responding to the world
Content Category 7A: Individual influences on behavior
Content Category 7B: Social processes that influence human behavior
How the Presence of Others Affects Individual Behavior (PSY)
Normative and Non-normative Behavior (SOC)
Content Category 7C: Attitude and behavior change
Habituation and Dishabituation (PSY)
Content Category 8A: Self-identity
Content Category 8B: Social thinking
Attributing Behavior to Persons or Situations (PSY)
Processes Related to Stereotypes (PSY)
Content Category 8C: Social interactions
Self-presentation and Interacting with Others (PSY, SOC)
Content Category 9A: Understanding social structure
- Elements of culture (e.g., beliefs, language, rituals, symbols, values)
- Material vs. symbolic culture (SOC)
- Culture lag (SOC)
- Culture shock (SOC)
- Assimilation (SOC)
- Multiculturalism (SOC)
- Subcultures and countercultures (SOC)
- Mass media and popular culture (SOC)
- Evolution and human culture (PSY, BIO)
- Transmission and diffusion (SOC)
Content Category 9B: Demographic characteristics and processes
Content Category 10A: Social inequality
(e.g., class, gender, and race inequalities in health)
(e.g., class, gender, and race inequalities in health care)